Medicare Advantage plans for seniors dodged a major financial bullet Monday as government officials gave them a reprieve for returning hundreds of millions of dollars or more in government overpayments — some dating back a decade or more. The health insurance industry had long feared the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services would demand repayment […]

What is mRNA, and how can it be used therapeutically?Nucleic acid therapies vs. protein-based therapiesProtein replacement therapyImmunotherapiesGene editing Challenges facing clinical approval of mRNA therapiesReferences Further reading  The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought cutting-edge scientific approaches like messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) therapeutic technologies into the public eye. In addition to the breakthrough vaccines protecting against severe […]

Stage 1: Cervix thinning and openingStage 2: Baby movement in the birth canalStage 3: Afterbirth and recoveryChallenges ConclusionReferencesFurther reading Labor or childbirth can be described as a fetus and placenta delivered from the uterus via the vagina. Having a successful labor can be dependent on three factors, including maternal effort and uterine contractions, fetal characteristics, and […]

What is a chronic illness, and how does it affect our mental health?How can the psychological strain of chronic physical illness be treated?How does chronic illness affect caregivers?ConclusionReferencesFurther reading Chronic physical illness is psychologically draining to those experiencing it, and psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety are more common amongst such individuals, who are […]

Introduction How can long non-coding RNAs be used in cancer diagnosis?How can long non-coding RNAs be used in cancer prognosis?How can long non-coding RNAs be used in cancer therapy?ReferencesFurther reading  Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are sections of RNA over 200 nucleotides in length that are not translated into proteins, remaining in the nucleus following transcription in […]

Pomona, California.- Cuando conoces por primera vez a Aaron Martinez, de 17 meses, no es evidente que algo está catastróficamente mal. Lo que ves es un hermoso niño pequeño con piel suave y brillante, abundante cabello castaño y una sonrisa cautivadora. Lo que escuchas son arrullos y gritos que no indican de inmediato que hay […]

IntroductionCauses and symptoms of amebic colitisAssociated complications of amebic colitisPathophysiology of amebic colitisDetecting amoebic colitisTreatment of amoebic colitisReferencesFurther reading Amebic Colitis is caused by the anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan Entameba histolytica. This bacterium infects the mucosa in the colon and accounts for 100,000 deaths annually. The parasite infects 10% of the world’s population. Diagnosis of amoebic colitis is […]

IntroductionMedications for Treating Peripheral NeuropathyTherapies for Treating Peripheral NeuropathyReferences Peripheral neuropathy is a condition in which damage occurs to the nerves of the peripheral nervous system, producing numbness, tingling, and pain. Peripheral neuropathy can be caused by a large number of medical and environmental conditions: these include metabolic diseases such as diabetes; autoimmune diseases such […]

IntroductionThe Arrangement of the AortaAortic Dissection PathogenesisSymptomsPre-dispositionsDetectionTreatmentReferencesFurther Reading The aorta is the main artery of the human body. Its large structure is key to maintaining the vital function of pumping oxygenated blood around the whole body. Aortic dissection. Image Credit: sciencepics/Shutterstock.com Aortic dissection occurs when the wall of the aorta tears, allowing blood to exit […]

Age-related mental health outcomes: Children and AdolescentsAge-related mental health outcomes: AdultsScreen time and mental health in the COVID-19 eraReferencesFurther reading  Screen time refers to the time a person spends looking at a screen on a device such as a television, smartphone, computer, or game console. There has been plentiful research done on screen time and […]